The digital evolution and the multiplication of interconnections are profoundly transforming the aeronautics and defense sectors.
While these industries have historically been associated with cutting-edge technologies, they now face cyber threats of unprecedented complexity and scale.
These threats affect various aspects of the industry, from securing embedded electronics to monitoring supply chains. “A simple phishing attack on a subcontractor’s email can provide a hacker with a way to map out the supply chain of major contractors,” emphasized Eric Vautier, CISO of the ADP Group, at the Cybershow in Paris on January 29, 2025.
In this article, we will explore the main challenges and strategies for anticipating and countering cybersecurity risks in the aeronautics and defense industries.
1. The evolution of cyber threats in a global context
The aeronautics and defense sectors are experiencing a rapid shift in cyber threats. In 2024, a report from the Ministry of the Armed Forces revealed a 35% increase in intrusion attempts targeting aircraft control systems and strategic defense infrastructures.
These attacks, often carried out by state-sponsored groups or organized cybercriminals, exploit vulnerabilities in interconnected networks and embedded systems.
The growing digitization of operational processes also exposes these sectors to new risks, particularly through ransomware attacks and intrusions into IoT systems. Moreover, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies provides hackers with sophisticated tools to bypass traditional security measures. These developments demand constant vigilance and continuous adaptation of defense strategies.
2. Integrating advanced technologies for enhanced cybersecurity
With the increasing frequency and sophistication of attacks, integrating cutting-edge technologies has become essential. AI- and machine learning-based systems can now identify abnormal behaviors in real time and automatically trigger countermeasures. According to the Cisco Cybersecurity 2024 report, the use of these technologies is expected to become widespread by 2025 in critical sectors, significantly improving detection and response capabilities.
Additionally, emerging solutions such as blockchain and quantum computing are being explored to secure information exchanges and protect sensitive data. While still in the experimental phase in some cases, these technologies represent a strategic lever for strengthening the resilience of critical aeronautics and defense infrastructures. Investing in these innovations is increasingly necessary to keep pace with the evolving cyber landscape.
3. The need to strengthen skills and specialized training
Digital transformation also brings changes in the skills required within organizations. Cyber threat management cannot rely solely on technological solutions—it also depends on highly specialized and multidisciplinary human expertise. The industry must now integrate hybrid profiles, combining cybersecurity technical skills with an in-depth understanding of aeronautics and defense.
“The fusion of technological and sector-specific expertise is becoming a priority to strengthen companies’ resilience against sophisticated attacks. Organizations must invest in training and attract talent capable of anticipating cyber threats,” says Alice Lebugle, Recruitment Consultant at NAOS International.
Furthermore, several studies, including one published by Gartner in 2024, confirm that the shortage of cybersecurity specialists is one of the main challenges in an era of accelerated digitalization. Collaboration between the public and private sectors, as well as the exchange of best practices on an international scale, are essential levers for addressing this skills gap.
4. Strategies and recommendations to anticipate tomorrow’s cyberattacks
To effectively address cybersecurity challenges in 2025, several strategic approaches should be considered:
- Strengthening international partnerships: Cooperation between nations and industrial players enables the exchange of crucial information on emerging threats and the coordination of responses in case of an attack. Strategic forums and alliances, such as those initiated by NATO, are already in place and are expected to expand in the coming years.
- Implementing advanced monitoring systems: The adoption of AI and machine learning technologies for early threat detection is crucial. These tools, combined with rapid response protocols, provide enhanced protection against large-scale cyberattacks.
- Investing in research and development: Encouraging cybersecurity innovation, particularly through collaborative projects between companies and academic institutions, will help develop solutions tailored to the specific challenges of aeronautics and defense.
- Raising awareness and continuous training: Establishing specialized training programs for operational teams and decision-makers will foster a strong cybersecurity culture within organizations.
According to our Practice Director Maximilien de Boyer, “International collaboration, particularly within the EU, along with investment in cutting-edge technologies, is crucial to overcoming the growing threats of cyberattacks in the critical sectors of aeronautics and defense.” This strategic vision emphasizes the importance of staying proactive—not merely relying on reactive solutions but developing anticipatory measures to counter emerging cyber threats.
The year 2025 marks a decisive turning point in cybersecurity for the aeronautics and defense sectors. The growing number of cyber threats, combined with the emergence of advanced technologies, requires a complete reassessment of protection strategies. The implementation of innovative solutions, skills enhancement through training, and the adoption of an international collaborative approach are essential pillars for strengthened security.
By combining cutting-edge technology, human expertise, and transnational cooperation, it is possible to envision a future where critical infrastructure security is no longer compromised by increasingly sophisticated attacks.
Faced with these challenges, one question remains: What additional initiatives should be implemented to ensure robust and resilient cybersecurity in an ever-evolving world?